The province of Misiones is a subtropical meseta with a 29.801 Km2 and this constitute a transition between the mountain range orographic brasilian, from which it depends, and the argentine plains.

The rivers in this territory are short and with a big streams, they move forward in a paralel way and go down from the central mountain area.

The meseta, exposed to a constant erosion with a prevailing fluvial origin, shows a vaulted relief. It slops to the rivers Paraná and Uruguay and starts from a central elevation called sierra (mountain range).

The sierras that cover Misiones lengthways in a southwest-northeast direction, reach 700 and 800 meters high. They start in the south at Sierra Imán ( 650 km length).

To the southeast of Sierra Imán Sierra Apóstoles is placed, which is at the north of the little Sierra San José, at the southeast it is the city of San José that continues with the sierra of the same name, where the Garupa River starts.

The Central sierra,with 180 km length, is after the Iman one. This constitutes the division of the tributary of the rivers Paraná and Uruguay. From the city of "Bernardo de Yrigoyen" to the northeast where the "Sierra de la Victoria" is located, and to the south of it, there is "Sierra Morena" which is between the rivers "Aguaray Guazú" and "Urugua-í".

The most stand out-hills are: "Costa" (780 m), "Barracón" (835 m), "Bandera", "Negro, Bella Vista" and "San Antonio" (628 m), "Dos Hermanos", "Alegría", "Rincón", "Caróbera", "Bora", "Guambe", "Caraguatay", "Del Tigre" and "Inglés" (205 m).

The land of Misiones is principally made up of "laterita", a mineral formed with a compound of aluminium, with a little portion of silica full of ironoxide, which gives to this mineral a red color.

The outcrops of stones (basalts or sandstones) because many waterfalls in the rivers and brooks, and in most of them the forest hide waterfalls with a very strong beauty. In this area there is a very important hydraulic potential.

Paraná River: Its name has an indian origin and its means : Related to the sea. This river starts in the middle of the meseta of Brazil and its length is of 3780 km from start to mouth and its width is changeable. The agentine part of it starts in the mouth of the Iguazú river and from here to the end of it, its length is of 1710 km. Between August and September the flow of the Paraná is in its worst period. Then it starts to grow until the end of the summer. Then the flow goes down a little bit but then during the fall it rounds up. The part of the river that goes along Misiones is called "Alto Paraná" with 330 km length and from 200 to 3500 meters width. (this is between the cities of Paraná and Encarnación – Paraguay).The Paraná can be sailed from Corrientes to Iguazú with ships of 4-feet-draught (1,20 meters). Paraná ‘s main tributary is the Iguazú river. The province of Misiones also receives10 tributaries which are ( from north to south): "Urugua-í", "Araguay Guazú", "Piray-Guazú", "Paraguay", "Garuhape", "Cuñapiru", "Tabay", "Yabebiri" and "Garupa".

Uruguay River: In the indian language, this name means "river of the wrinkles", it starts in Brazil and its total length is of 1790 km but 1170 goes through Argentina. Its minimum flow happens during the summer and the maximum happens between June and October. The length of the river changes in Misiones almost 300 meters. The first part of the Uruguay river is a narrow one and it gets wider while going to the south of our territory. It receives many tributaries, but only nine of them are important so as to be mentioned: "Pepirí Guazú", "Yaboty", "Soberbio", "Saltito", "Alegre", "Acaragua", "Once Vueltas", "Itacaruare" and "Tunas".

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